Analysis Of Solomon Northup s 12 Years A Slave - 1525 Words

Written by Solomon Northup and published in 1853, 12 Years a Slave is an autobiography describing the horrible experiences that Solomon himself faced, within a span of twelve years, after having been kidnapped as a free man, beaten, and sold into slavery. As a tribute to Northup s powerful memoir, in 2013 a film was created, also called 12 Years a Slave, which served to retell Northup s story through the power of cinematic effects, actors, and cameras. However, even though the movie is based entirely on Northup s memoir, in does not serve to accurately portray every factual and historical detail that appears within the novel. Details such as the number of children Northup had, the characteristics of the people he came across, to the severity of white treatments towards slaves, all seemed to have been looked over in the making of the movie. This inattention to detail can confuse or upset those who have read the novel, whilst on the other hand will falsely portray the time period, as w ell as Northup s heart-wrenching experience, to those who have not previously read the novel. In the beginning of his memoir, Solomon clearly states that he only wished to â€Å"give a candid and truthful statement of facts: to repeat the story of [his] life, without exaggeration† (Northup 1), however, the film based upon the novel does not appear to stay true to Solomons wishes. In fact, the film appears to have completely looked over crucial events which served to lay the foundation of NorthupShow MoreRelatedAn Analysis Of Solomon Northup s 12 Years A Slave Essay1370 Words   |  6 PagesSolomon Northup, in his autobiography 12 Years A Slave, uses religious language to depict the horrendous nature of institutional slavery and slaveholders. In specific, the primary use of religious language in Northup’s autobiography is to express his and many other slaves’ sufferings and subjugation, to present the biblical justification adopted by slaveholders to mistreat their slaves, and to convey the significance of religion to him and the African American slaves; therefore, religious languageRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie 12 Years A Slave 1429 Words   |  6 PagesIn 12 Years A Slave (2013), directed by Steve McQueen, the audience is provided with an understanding of characters, place and main character’s experience through mise-en-scene and cinematography. 12 Years a Slave surrounds a black man named Solomon Northup, who was sold into slavery in the 1850’s. It is a graphic retelling of a slave’s existence in Louisiana. The specific sequence used for analysis is one where Northup attempts to escape, but stumbles upon a lynching ritual. By use of cinematographyRead MoreAnalysis Of Solomon Northup s Twelve Years A Slave 1840 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction Retold by Solomon Northup (and edited by David Wilson), Twelve Years A Slave is a memoir and slave narrative that captured the author s incredible story- he was a free black man from New York who was kidnapped and sold to the Southern of the United States as a subject to slavery from 1841 to 1853 before being rescued by the efforts of his family and friends. Using detailed imagery to recounted Northup s arduous experience as a slave, the book eloquently exposed important controversiesRead More12 Years a Slave and Fruitvale Station Essay1389 Words   |  6 Pagesorder for justice to be truthful. Through analysis of present day motion pictures that stem from American history such as â€Å"12 Years A Slave† and â€Å"Fruitvale Station† reveals some of the legal and ethical concerns that are prominent today can be revealed: Historically law has been altered but the integrity of the law still remains in question. Literature Review Let’s start with some of the issues that were brought about in the film â€Å"12 Years A Slave†. After viewing the movie twice, not only didRead MoreTechnological Advancements And Its Impact On The Modern World1092 Words   |  5 Pagesadvancements may signal a new model for entertainment where anybody who wants to can have a say, the sad truth is that this mindstate is far from the truth. While industry new circuits may herald the renaissance of small directors making it big, a analysis of these directors will come across strikingly uniform. An overwhelming majority of these filmmakers are straight white men, which has been the industry norm in Hollywood since it’s inception of the film industry. In a way smaller bunch hanging outRead MoreBefore President Lincoln Issued The Emancipation Proclamation,1920 Words   |  8 PagesLincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation, claiming a human being as property was the norm—slavery was completely acceptable. A s portrayed in the film 12 Years A Slave, main character Solomon Northup, a free black man from upstate New York, is abducted and sold into slavery. Throughout his twelve year, heartbreaking, journey as a slave, Solomon is stripped of his name, beaten, overworked, belittled, and dehumanized. Taking a sociological view of Solomon’s experiences, can lead to a different perspective

Essay on The Afro-Americans and The Civil War - 4190 Words

The Afro-Americans and The Civil War No officer in this regiment now doubts that the key to the successful prosecution of this war lies in the unlimited employment of black troops. Their superiority lies simply in the fact that they know the country, while white troops do not, and, moreover, that they have peculiarities of temperament, position, and motive which belong to them alone. Instead of leaving their homes and families to fight they are fighting for their homes and families, and they show the resolution and sagacity which a personal purpose gives. It would have been madness to attempt, with the bravest white troops what I have successfully accomplished with the black ones. Everything, even to the piloting of the†¦show more content†¦The Proclamation also provided the acceptance of black men into the Union Army and Navy, thereby letting those who were liberated to become liberators. Almost 200,000 black soldiers and sailors had fought for the Union and their freedom by the end of the war. From the beginning of the Civil War, the slaves had acted to secure their own freedom. The Emancipation Proclamation made the blacks realize that the war for the Union must become a war for freedom. This added a moral force to the Union cause that strengthened the Union, both militarily and politically. This document was a milestone on the road to slavery’s final destruction. When we see the words or read about the Colored Troops of the United States, we have to ask ourselves: Who were these people? Where did they come from? What role did these people play in reshaping the socio-political and military structures of the United States of America? The start of the Civil War began in South Carolina on April 12, 1861, at a place called Fort Sumter, but even before tha,t there were seven states in the deep South that had seceded from the Union. A convention was held in Montgomery, Alabama, where Jefferson Davis was elected and a Constitution was written for the Confederate states of America. Soon four more states seceded, Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee, and North Carolina. The slave states that remained loyal to the Union wereShow MoreRelated Positions of Blacks in the Civil War and Emancipation Essay1640 Words   |  7 Pagesright to citizenship in the United States. The quote mentioned above was proclaimed by African American abolitionist Frederick Douglass, and served as motivation for African Americans to enlist in the Union’s Army efforts and take an initiative in their future. With President Abraham Lincolns issue of his Preliminary draft of the Emancipation Proclamation in 1862, the Civil War developed to be a war to ultimately save the union and to abolish slavery. Blacks overall played a substantial part inRead MoreEssay on Richard Gibney’s â€Å"the Whipping Boy†1012 Words   |  5 PagesRichard Gibney’s â€Å"The Whipping Boy† Slavery has always been a debated subject among Americans, and numerous artists, authors, directors etc. have through American history given their take on ‘slavery’ before and after the abolishment. However in recent years the subject of slavery has appeared in several books and films (12 Years a Slave, Django etc.), where most of them describe the brutality, in which, Afro Americans lived. â€Å"The Whipping Boy†, does as the others describe the historic brutality, butRead MoreHistory of African Americans and Higher Education Essay example1188 Words   |  5 PagesFor blacks, the history of higher education typically points to segregated education. Before the Civil War, the social system promoted the belief that blacks wouldn’t get return on their time spent in higher education. Brown and Ricard (2007) noted that most North institutions were reluctant to allow black enrollment in colleges and universities, and in the South, where slaveholder’s were still powerhouse businessmen, slaves would never be allowed to become more educated than their owners. The reluctanceRead MoreSummary Of Ida B. Wells-Barnetts Southern Horrors1305 Words   |  6 Pagesreunification of the United States at the end of the Civil War, thousands of previously enslaved African-Americans suddenly found themselves freed from their owners. This newfound freedom however, was not nearly at the same level as whites and other minorities. Especially in the south, many former slaves were subjected to cruel treatment and a lack of opportunities. â€Å"The South resented giving the Afro-American his freedom, the ballot box and the Civil Rights Law.† Many former slaves were threatenedRead MoreThe Importance Of Saving And Sharing The Heritage Of Our African Ancestors1688 Words   |  7 PagesAfricans carried within them first landing first in the Bahamas then to the Americas a rich tradition. What traits of our African ancestors installed in each of us tha t is shared among African Americans and African Bahamians. It is amazing the similarities of how the African were brought to the Bahamas and the Americans. When Christopher Columbus made land fall in the Bahamas on the island now named San Salvador, he found the land inhabited by what we call Arawak Indians that were thought to have arrivedRead MoreThe Fight For Freedom For Equality947 Words   |  4 Pages2015 American History The Fight For Freedom, The Fight For Equality Throughout American History African Americans have been the victims of racial oppression and exploitation. Despite the racial inequality and unjust treatment cursed upon them, African Americans still stood up for their country in times of need. World War II in particular helped pave the way for African Americans to finally begin being recognized as people of equal value, of equal social status and establish post war integrationRead MoreTimothy B. Tyson s Radio Free Dixie : Robert F Williams And The Roots Of Black Power1300 Words   |  6 Pagesaward-winning author. Tyson was born in North Carolina in 1959 and was raised there his whole life. In 1987, Tyson earned a B.A. at Emory University and then his Ph. D in history at Duke University in 1994. He also became an assistant professor of Afro-American Studies at the University of Wisconsin -Madison the same year he received his Ph.D., and later became a full-time professor. Tyson currently stays in Madison, Wisconsin with his wife P erri and their two children, and serves as a Senior ResearchRead MoreRacial Diversity705 Words   |  3 Pageswhite ancestry) of American Indians. By 1890, the census racial classification reflected a growing preoccupation with identifying persons with slightest hint of African ancestry, adding categories for â€Å"quadroon† (persons with one-fourth black ancestry) and â€Å"octoroon† (persons with one-eighth or less black ancestry). In 1930, Mexicans were added to the growing list of â€Å"nonwhites.† Fearing the move as an effort to stigmatize (and possibly deny naturalization to) Mexican Americans by labeling themRead MoreThe Great New Orleans Kidnapping Case : Race, Law, And Justice929 Words   |  4 Pagesthat happened in New Orleans by 1870 were the inclusion of a highly educated Afro-creole elite, democratic vision of Post-war Republicans testing, race became an important factor in politics and the Reconstruction. Social changes such as formation of highly educated Afro-creole elite meant that an interracial sharing of power could be possible. New Orleans at the time was under the governorship of Henry Clay Warmoth, a war time Republican. Meanwhile at the moment New Orleans was being tested for aRead MoreAn Active Role in Shaping History Essay1590 Words   |  7 PagesAfrican-descended definitely contributed, was mostly shaped by and a result of decisions in which they had no involvement. They were unable to play an active role in their Diaspora; they were forced to be passive participants. However, following World War II, that began to change with the African and African-descended utilizing major political and cultural developments to shape their own histories as well as others. Political developments and endeavors throughout the second half of the twentieth century

Frued As A Prism Essay Example For Students

Frued As A Prism Essay From the time of puberty onward the human individual must devote himself to the great task of freeing himself from his parents. -Sigmund Freud (General Intro. to Psychoanalysis) As a child develops from infancy to adulthood, it soaks up its environment and processes it like a biological computer. As it matures, so does the way it copes with the challenges life presents to him. If the child has the opportunity to be well educated, than he may learn from his history studies, and begin to recognize the different patterns of thought that society has gone through. Perhaps he will learn from these patterns and make an effort to use his knowledge to prevent making many of the same mistakes in his daily life that men have made before. If he studies medieval Europe, he may become skeptical of his own faith. Resulting in his search for a new religion that he can believe in, rather than continue to blindly participate as a member of the faith his parents had chosen for him. If he were to study Imperialism in Europe, than perhaps he would join an athletic team. We will write a custom essay on Frued As A Prism specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now He would form strong bonds with those within the team, but hopefully he could learn from Europes mistaken extreme nationalism and sees that the best thing he can do for his team is remain an individual, not conform to some unwritten code. He would see that it is best to create ones own identity within a group. Perhaps he has read Erich Fromm, and sees that he must recognize himself as a separate entity apart from the world around himself. He individuates. The development of this boy into an individual is exactly what Sigmund Freud would describe as a healthy development toward the formation a personal identity. It is the interactions that take place between a developing individual (the boy) and the society in which that individual lives in which we find the essence of human existence. Man has under gone hundreds of years of dialectic thought, shifting paradigms and intellectual synthesis. Only to have the culmination of human progress come down to Sigmund Freuds recognition of the individual, (with individual thoughts, emotions, morals and experiences) create a singularity through which all future perception must travel through. To get a sense of what type of society Freud changed forever, one must first examine the society from the last major paradigm before Freud, as to understand the societys influences and biases. In 1789 the fruits of the Enlightened Age were ripe and the conditions in France were right for an explosion of enlightened ideals that would define the western world for the next two centuries. Liberty, Equality and Fraternity began as the cries of the French Revolution, but would go on to mold western society into its present day form. It was Napoleon who took the fruits of the revolution and planted them in the minds of people across Europe as he conquered eastward. Despite his failure to conquer Russia and his eventual defeat, the Napoleonic Wars are the most successful and influential campaigns in western history. Napoleon institutionalized l,e,f via his Napoleonic Code. Imagine the concepts of the revolution as fruit, and France as the original orchard where the fruit was bred over hundred of years into the perfect crop. Now picture Napoleon as this great farmer who plants the seeds of this fruit across the European landscape. The stage is now set for these seeds to fructify into the paradigm of the next era of western civilization. Throughout the 1800s each one of these concepts matured and ripened in the Industrial Revolution which acted as the fertilizer and the soil as it provided the nutrients in the form of the technology, class antagonism, as well as a modern insecurity of insignificance. Liberty became the most economical of the three fruitful ideals of the revolution. It was the emerging Bourgeois who first embraced it. They were an upper-middle class that was the product of the industrial revolution and its factory systems. These were the factory owners who sought nothing more than personal economical gain. Due to the restrictive economies of the early 1800s, they were vocal supporters of the British Economist Adam Smith, most notably his ideas concerning laissez-faire, or a free trade economy without government interference. This enterprising and educated class blended Smiths free trade with Napoleons liberty to form classical liberalism. The European paradigm was changed forever by this fruit, as religion, legitimacy, and DRAM was pushed aside by classical liberal reform movements in order to make way for the new economically driven society. The rise of liberalism was a movement to allow the factory owners to gain political power without granting power to the lower eighty percent of the population, much of which the Bourgeois were trying to exploit as cheap labor at that time. As the century progresses, social reforms allow more and more people to vote, thereby expanding the socio-economic classes that were represented in the governing bodies of Europe. .ua09f1505ae6100bf65d75650a19108a8 , .ua09f1505ae6100bf65d75650a19108a8 .postImageUrl , .ua09f1505ae6100bf65d75650a19108a8 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua09f1505ae6100bf65d75650a19108a8 , .ua09f1505ae6100bf65d75650a19108a8:hover , .ua09f1505ae6100bf65d75650a19108a8:visited , .ua09f1505ae6100bf65d75650a19108a8:active { border:0!important; } .ua09f1505ae6100bf65d75650a19108a8 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua09f1505ae6100bf65d75650a19108a8 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua09f1505ae6100bf65d75650a19108a8:active , .ua09f1505ae6100bf65d75650a19108a8:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua09f1505ae6100bf65d75650a19108a8 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua09f1505ae6100bf65d75650a19108a8 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua09f1505ae6100bf65d75650a19108a8 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua09f1505ae6100bf65d75650a19108a8 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua09f1505ae6100bf65d75650a19108a8:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua09f1505ae6100bf65d75650a19108a8 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua09f1505ae6100bf65d75650a19108a8 .ua09f1505ae6100bf65d75650a19108a8-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua09f1505ae6100bf65d75650a19108a8:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Why Abortion Should Be Illegal EssayImperialism slowly became the dominant socio-economic policy of many European nations; it is a political concept that was formed by the convergence of colonialism, classical liberalism and the technology of the second Industrial Revolution. Huge national and international economic systems were formed, and due to steam power, electricity, steel, telegraphs and railroad these massive infrastructures could be supported by newly formed utilities, communications and transportation systems. This new technology had to be manufactured, so this produced more factories, meaning more jobs, which caused the already growing proletariat to increase to an even larger portion of the population, but mainly it supplied new jobs for an over populated European continent. Colossal urban centers formed all across Western Europe and as the classical liberals continued to exploit the impoverished proletariat it seemed absolutely necessary that Napoleons second crop be cultivated. Thus we come to the development of equality. Equality is the pivotal social concept of the last 200 years. How many revolutions have you heard of because of socio-economic inequalities? Naturally this idea was first embraced by utopian socialists like Robert Owen, who applied this concept to their factory workshops in utopian communities like New Lanark. The call for greater social equality was a reason for many of the social reform legislation that European governments passed. Unfortunately, the reforms only empowered the upper-middle classes, as there were property requirements in most countries. This allowed prevent the emerging urban class to be exploited by the upper-middle class factory owners. Later reform legislation such as the Reform Acts of 1867 and 1884 in England did give larger portions of the population the vote. In 1848, Karl Marx and Friedrich Engles conceived the ultimate socio-economic equality amongst the classes. They published The Communist Manifesto together, in which they write about class struggle and the economic drive behind history. They introduced the socio-economic system of communism, where every citizen is of equal status and relevance to the social structure, and men work for the greater good of the society. The final words of the book are, PROLITARIATE OF THE WORLD UNITE! This is a call for the proletariat of Europe to utilize the third of Napoleons fruits, fraternity. Fraternity was first embraced by many of the reform movements against the legitimate powers during the Age of Metternich. The revolutionaries of the 1848 revolutions failed because they lacked the support of the militaries, but they were clear evidence that the rising urban middle class of Europe was beginning to find its identity in their respective cultures. This was a key stage in the metamorphosis fraternity was undergoing in order to become the most potent political force of the period from 1850 to 1918, nationalism. Here the industrial revolution plays a key role in the evolution of fraternity. As the aforementioned monolithic, industrial infrastructures were raised all around Europe, an individual citizen of such a large system motivated only by the guilt of his Protestant work ethic loses his feelings of purpose or significance in such a vast world. He turns to the comfort that nationalism provides him with. The result is a vast majority of European society becoming conformist automatons who are supplied their daily dose of patriotic purpose by their imperial governments. The three fruits of Napoleon had matured and been fully cultivated by the 1880, when Freud began working under Joseph Breuer in Vienna. The stage was set for Freud to rock the boat, where there was an over institutionalized status quo that created a false sense of security amongst Europeans. Pre-1880, every intellectual who analyzed mankind looked at man as purely social creature, it was the progress of society over time that was charted, analyzed, and studied. What Freud discovered is that history should be approached on an individual level. If a historian understands the socio-economic conditions of an individual, than he can reason what insecurities and desires that the man possesses. This changes mans interpretation of history and society entirely. Society is really just a group of individuals who act accordingly to their wants and needs. To understand a society better one may psychoanalyze the arts of that culture, such as paintings, literature and performance arts. Freud psychoanalyzed Leonardo Da Vinci numerous times via his artwork. Freuds in depth understanding of the human thought process influenced almost every great thinker of the 20th century. Early in his life Freud focused on his exploration of the individual mind. He published multiple works that are to this day some of the most profound works of literature in the world: Psychopathology of Everyday Life (1904), The Interpretation of Dreams (1900), Totem and Taboo (1913), Ego and the Id (1923) and Three Contributions to the Sexual Theory (1905) . Each one of these works delved deep into the mind of the individual and explained its interactions with the social structure within it lives. .u0fe725b71cb5a8700d22a11c40b03682 , .u0fe725b71cb5a8700d22a11c40b03682 .postImageUrl , .u0fe725b71cb5a8700d22a11c40b03682 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u0fe725b71cb5a8700d22a11c40b03682 , .u0fe725b71cb5a8700d22a11c40b03682:hover , .u0fe725b71cb5a8700d22a11c40b03682:visited , .u0fe725b71cb5a8700d22a11c40b03682:active { border:0!important; } .u0fe725b71cb5a8700d22a11c40b03682 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u0fe725b71cb5a8700d22a11c40b03682 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u0fe725b71cb5a8700d22a11c40b03682:active , .u0fe725b71cb5a8700d22a11c40b03682:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u0fe725b71cb5a8700d22a11c40b03682 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u0fe725b71cb5a8700d22a11c40b03682 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u0fe725b71cb5a8700d22a11c40b03682 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u0fe725b71cb5a8700d22a11c40b03682 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u0fe725b71cb5a8700d22a11c40b03682:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u0fe725b71cb5a8700d22a11c40b03682 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u0fe725b71cb5a8700d22a11c40b03682 .u0fe725b71cb5a8700d22a11c40b03682-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u0fe725b71cb5a8700d22a11c40b03682:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Finding Success EssayMany of Freuds works were read all over the world, yet they still became a favorite kindling within the Third Reich. Publicly the Nazis condemned all of Freuds work as fictitious manifestations and lies of a Jewish fool. Behind closed doors some of the Nazi ruling elite understood that if Freuds work was ever studied by a large portion of the population, than the German people might lose its faith in the Nazi party as they would realize the sadomasochistic escape from freedom that was taking place. Freuds works allows for us to truly understand the rise of the Third Reich. Without the Freudian understanding of human behavior, we probably would simply dismiss the European shift towards authoritative Fascist powers as a longing to return to Imperialism, which is a simplistic explanation that does not begin to fully grasp the historical viscera of the time period. This new Freudian synthesis analyzed mans history in a profoundly new way. The greatest psychoanalytical sociologist of the 20th century is a man who Freud had a profound effect upon, which is a testament to the massive relevance of Freuds contributions to Western society. That man was a German by the name of Erich Fromm. If one considers Freuds findings as a cause, than the synthesis Fromm published in his books is the resulting effect. Fromms publications are epitomized by the convergence of a Marxist understanding of society and a Freudian psychoanalytical emphasis upon desires, insecurities and repression. In Fromms Escape from Freedom (1941) he explains mans tendencies to escape from freedom; He explains how over the last 500 years the idea of the individual, with individual thoughts, feelings, moral conscience, freedom and responsibility has come about. With our newfound individuality came feelings of loneliness and isolation. Therefore, whenever we can, we tend to run from our freedom to sources of security and false identity. Despite all of the human progression over the last half millennium, man still fears isolation from which he desires freedom. Fromm also explains in his books the ideas of determinism, may it be biological determinism (Freudian) or socio-economic determinism (Marxist). Once again it is the perfectly complimenting ideologies of Freud and Marx that Fromm uses harmoniously to explain the history of human development, from which present society learns. Freudian ideologies are slowly woven into the social fabric more and more as man expands his understanding of himself. The specialized profession Freud created, psychology, has assumed the role in modern western society as almost an oracle where men seek answers to there biggest problems (and due to the mentally exhausting modern infrastructure it is usually mental). If a man is seriously troubled or confused then he goes to his psychoanalyst for answers which proves that contemporary society not only utilizes Freudian ideologies, but after each session with his doctor that individual will take what he has learned and apply it to the world around himself. Therapy is an example of just one means of integration of Freud into the contemporary paradigm. If you look closely at our cultural arts the are Freudian influences all over. Contemporary actors study the psychological make up of their characters. He wants to know the why behind every one of his actions, and in order to give the best possible performance; he attempts to portray his character with conflicts on many different levels. He makes the characters desires and insecurities his own as so he can truly become that character. Now if Freud saw the way contemporary actors prepare their roles, he would argue that they were trying to put on a mask to show the world because they were too insecure of their own identity. They would be fulfilling deeply hidden desires from their childhood to escape reality somehow, in order to be someone else because they did not want to individuate, or separate themselves from their characters. American sociologist Philip Reiss once explained the self-image of the 20th century was that of the psychological man. Arguments can be made for the economic or even political man, but I believe that in every decade throughout the 20th century the emergence of the individual and the self-discovery of mans mental capacity has been a central and under lying theme. Of course the pivotal cause of this effect is when psychoanalysis was first created and employed correctly. Psychoanalysis was the first proven scientific method that could be utilized by scientists for factual and accurate experimentation and documentation in probing the human unconscious, conscious and perception of reality. Freud truly was a prism as his entire career was devoted to taking a solid ray of white light, representing the social fabric, and splitting it up into a diverse array of colors. He focuses upon the study of the individual colors that made up the solid ray of light, rather than the white ray itself.

Processor of Frozen Foods free essay sample

Over time, the costs of processing go down because as organizations learn how to do things better, they become more efficient. In color film processing, for example, the cost of a 3-by-5-inch print fell from 50 cents for five-day service in 1970 to 20 cents for one-day service in 1984. The same principle applies to the processing of food. And since Olympic Foods will soon celebrate its 25th birthday, we can expect that our long experience will enable us to minimize costs and thus maximize profits. The Olympic Foods tries to convince its stockholders through its annual report that it can increase profits as it has long experience. This is supported by comparing with a color film industry in which, the cost of a 3-by-5-inch print feel from 50 cents for five-day service in 1970 to 20 cents for one-day service in 1984. This argument makes some assumptions which is not supported with evidences. The Olympic Foods wrongly compares itself with a color film processing industry. We will write a custom essay sample on Processor of Frozen Foods or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The techniques and environment applicable to the color film processing industry may not be applicable to the food processing industry. What applies to a color film may not apply to food. For example, irrespective of the company’s experience, the time taken for a food to ferment would not change significantly. Just the 25 years of experience cannot be mentioned as a reason for increased profits. Other factors such as climate, market competition would also affect the profit of a company. With all such factors taken into consideration, if it can be proved that experience helps in reducing costs and maximizing profits, the argument would be strengthened. Since the argument misses several key issues, it is not very sound. If it included the points discussed above, the argument could have been thorough and more convincing.

Definition and Examples of Orthophemism

Definition and Examples of Orthophemism The term  orthophemism refers to a  direct or neutral expression that isnt sweet-sounding, evasive, or overly polite (like a  euphemism) or  harsh, blunt, or offensive (like  a  dysphemism). Also known as straight talk. The term orthophemism  was coined by Keith Allan and Kate Burridge in  Forbidden Words (2006). The word is derived from the Greek, proper, straight, normal plus speaking. Both euphemism and orthophemism  are typically polite, notes Keith Allen. They differ in that an orthophemism makes bald-on-record reference to a topic, where a euphemism distances a speaker from it through figurative language (Benchmark for Politeness in  Interdisciplinary Studies in Pragmatics, Culture and Society, 2016). Examples and Observations Orthophemisms are more formal and more direct (or literal) than euphemisms. Defecate, because it literally means  to shit, is an  orthophemism; poo is a euphemism, and shit is a dysphemism, the taboo word the others were created to avoid.(Melissa Mohr,  Holy Sh*t: A Brief History of Swearing. Oxford University Press,  2013) Orthophemisms and Euphemisms What is the difference between orthophemisms and euphemisms? . . . Both arise from conscious or unconscious self-censoring; they are used to avoid the speaker being embarrassed and/or ill thought of and, at the same time, to avoid embarrassing and/or offending the hearer or some third party. This coincides with the speaker being polite. Now to the difference between orthophemism and euphemism:Like euphemisms, dysphemisms are typically more colloquial and figurative than orthophemisms (but, for instance, to truthfully call someone fat is direct). (Keith Allan and Kate Burridge, Forbidden Words: Taboo and the Censoring of Language. Cambridge University Press, 2006) An orthophemism is typically more formal and more direct (or  literal) than the corresponding euphemism. A euphemism is typically more colloquial and figurative (or indirect) than the corresponding orthophemism. Words in Context As alternatives to offensive expressions, orthophemisms, like euphemisms, will typically be preferred as desirable or appropriate terms. Examples of all three kinds of language expressions would be pass away (typically a euphemism), snuff it (typically a dysphemism), and die (typically an orthophemism). However, these descriptions are problematic, since what determines them is a set of social attitudes or convention that may vary considerably between dialect groups and even between individual members of the same community.(Keith Allan and Kate Burridge, Forbidden Words. Cambridge University Press, 2006)   Calling a Spade a Spade Now, as you know, he said slowly, looking up at the ceiling, weve had a spot of trouble round here. First, there was the business on the circus field; next, the performance at the Pigeons; third, this spot of bother at Viccarys farm. Why dont you say murder? asked Keith. The inspector stopped looking at the ceiling and looked at my brother instead.I dont say murder because it isnt a nice word, he replied. But, if you prefer it, I can use it.I do prefer it.Like to call a spade a spade?Well, thats preferable to calling it the grave-diggers toothpick, said Keith.(Gladys Mitchell, The Rising of the Moon, Michael Joseph, 1945) The Lighter Side of Orthophemism Let us all point an accusing finger at Mr. Latour. Mr. Latour is an illiterate boor.He watches horse racing, instead of the sport of kings, when at the track,And to him first base is simply first base, instead of the initial sack.He eats alligator pear, instead of avocado;He says fan, or enthusiast, instead of aficionado. . . .He drinks his drinks in a saloon, instead of a tavern or grill,And pronounces know-how skill.He calls poor people poor, instead of underprivileged,Claiming that the English language is becoming overdrivileged.He says the English language ought to get out of the nursery and leave the toys room,So he goes to the bathroom, instead of the little boys room.(Ogden Nash, Long Time No See, Bye Now, 1949)

Learn More About How Communication Media Has Evolved

Learn More About How Communication Media Has Evolved Smart newspapermen of the time paid attention when the telegraph was invented. The New York Herald, the Sun and the Tribune had been founded recently. The proprietors of these newspapers saw that the telegraph was bound to affect all newspapers profoundly. How were the newspapers to cope with the situation and make use of the news that was coming in and would be coming in more and faster over the wires? Improved Newspaper Presses For one thing, the newspapers now needed better printing machinery. Steam-powered printing in America had begun. New printing presses were introduced in the United States by Robert Hoe at the same time as Samuel Morse was struggling to perfect the telegraph. Before steam power, newspapers printed in the United States used presses operated by hand. The New York Sun, the pioneer of cheap modern newspapers, was printed by hand in 1833, and four hundred papers an hour was the highest speed of one press. Robert Hoes double-cylinder, steam-driven printing press was an improvement, however, it was Hoes son that invented the modern newspaper press. In 1845, Richard March Hoe invented the revolving or rotary press letting newspapers print at rates of a hundred thousand copies an hour. Newspaper publishers now had the fast Hoe presses, cheap paper, could type cast by machinery, had stereotyping and the new process of making pictures by photoengraving replacing engraving on wood. However, the newspapers of 1885, still set up their type by the same method that Benjamin Franklin used to set up the type for The Pennsylvania Gazette. The compositor stood or sat at his case, with his copy before him, and picked the type up letter by letter until he had filled and correctly spaced a line. Then he would set another line, and so on, all with his hands. After the job was completed, the type had to be distributed again, letter by letter. Typesetting was slow and expensive. Linotype and Monotype This labor of manual typesetting was done away with by the invention of two intricate and ingenious machines. The linotype, invented by Ottmar Mergenthaler of Baltimore, and the monotype of Tolbert Lanston, a native of Ohio. However, the linotype became the favorite composing machine for newspapers. The Invention of the Typewriter While  new  technology for printing newspapers was being developed, another instrument for journalists was coming into existence, the  typewriter. Early Typewriters Alfred Ely Beach made  a sort of typewriter  as early as 1847, but he neglected it for other things. His typewriter had many of the features of the modern typewriter, however, it lacked a satisfactory method of  inking  the types. In 1857, S. W. Francis of New York invented  a typewriter  with a ribbon that was saturated with ink. Neither of these typewriters  were  a commercial success. They were regarded merely as the toys of ingenious men. Christopher Latham Sholes The accredited father of the typewriter was Wisconsin newspaperman, Christopher Latham Sholes. After his printers went on strike, Sholes made a few unsuccessful attempts to invent a typesetting  machine. He then, in collaboration with another printer, Samuel Soule, invented a numbering  machine. A friend, Carlos Glidden saw this ingenious device and suggested that they should try to invent  a machine  that print letters. The three men, Sholes, Soule, and Glidden agreed to try to invent such  a machine. None of them had studied the efforts of previous experimenters, and they made many errors which might have been avoided. Gradually, however, the invention took form and the inventors were granted patents in June and July of 1868. However, their typewriter was easily broken and made mistakes. Investor, James Densmore bought a share in the machine buying out Soule and Glidden. Densmore furnished the funds to build about thirty models in succession, each a little better than the preceding. The improved machine was patented in 1871, and the partners felt that they were ready to begin manufacturing. Sholes Offers the Typewriter to Remington In 1873, James Densmore and Christopher Sholes offered their machine to Eliphalet Remington and Sons, manufacturers of firearms and sewing machines. In Remingtons well-equipped machine  shops  the typewriter was tested, strengthened, and improved. The Remingtons believed there would be a demand for the typewriter and offered to buy the patents, paying either a lump  sum,  or a royalty. Sholes preferred the ready cash and received twelve thousand dollars, while Densmore chose the royalty and received a million and a half. The Invention of the Phonograph The telegraph, the press, and the typewriter were agents of communication for the written word. The telephone was an agent for the spoken word. Another instrument for recording sound and reproducing it was the phonograph (record player). In 1877,  Thomas Alva Edison  completed his first  phonograph. The phonograph worked by translating the air vibrations created by the human voice into minute indentations on a sheet of tinfoil placed over a metallic cylinder, and the machine could then reproduce the sounds which had caused the indentations. The record wore out after a few reproductions, however, and Edison was too busy to develop his idea further until later. Other did. Phonograph machines  were invented under a variety of different names, however, all reproduced with wonderful fidelity the human voice, in speech or song, and the tones of either a single instrument or a whole orchestra. Through these machines, good music was brought to those who could hear it in no other way. The Camera and Photography The last half century of the 1800s saw great advances in photography and photoengraving. While the first experiments in photography happened in Europe,  Samuel Morse, introduced photography to America, in particular to his friend John Draper. Draper had a part in the perfection of the  dry plate  (the first negatives) and was one of the  first photographers to  do  portrait photography. George Eastman A great inventor in  photographic  technology was  George Eastman  from Rochester, New York. In 1888,  George Eastman  introduced a  new camera, which he called Kodak, and with it the sales slogan: You press the button, we do the rest. The  first Kodak  camera was pre-loaded with a roll of sensitized paper (film) that could take a hundred pictures.  A film roll  that could be sent away for developing and printing (at first the entire camera was sent). Eastman had been an amateur photographer when the hobby was both expensive and tedious. After inventing a method of making dry plates, he began to manufacture them as early as 1880 before invented  roll film. After the first Kodak, there came other cameras filled with rolls of sensitized nitro-cellulose film. The invention of cellulose film (that replaced the glass dry plate) revolutionized photography. Both Reverend Hannibal Goodwin and George Eastman patented nitro-cellulose film, however, after a court battle Goodwins patent was upheld as being first. The  Eastman Kodak Company  introduced the first film cartridge which could be inserted or removed without the need of a dark room, that created a boom in the market for amateur photographers. The Birth of Motion Pictures In the development of  Thomas Alva Edison  played a large part. Edison had seen a crude system made of Henry Heyl of Philadelphia. Heyl used glass plates fixed to the circumference of a wheel, each plate rotated in front of a lens. This method of pictures in motions was slow and expensive. Edison after seeing the Heyl show, and after experimenting with other methods decided that a continuous tape-like strip of film needed to be used. He invented the first practical motion picture camera and with the cooperation of  George Eastman  started producing the new tape-like film, giving birth to the modern motion picture industry.  The motion picture projector  was invented to show what the new camera and film captured. Other inventors, such as Paul in England and  Lumiere  in France, produced other types of projecting machines, which differed in some mechanical details. Public Reaction to Motion Pictures When  the motion picture  was shown in the United States, the audiences were amazed. Popular actors moved from stage into the movies. In the small town, early movie theaters were often converted storeroom, and in the cities, some of the largest and most attractive theaters converted into movie theaters, and new theaters were specially built. The Eastman Company soon manufactured about ten thousand miles of film every month. Besides offering amusement, the new moving pictures were used for important news events, historical events could now be visually preserved for posterity.

Ryanair Marketing Mix Analysis Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Ryanair Marketing Mix Analysis - Case Study Example Rather than assume that its role was to 'steal' customers from other airlines, it determined that the customer base should be defined in a different way: those who were price-sensitive, but were looking for a scheduled airline approach (rather than charter airlines, which had no fixed schedule). Ryanair also defined the real 'competitors' included alternative modes of travel (bus, train, and car) and fairly inflexible 'budget' scheduled airline seats. Airlines have pioneered in the use of yield management software to increase their average revenue per seat-mile, starting with American Airlines in the early 1980's. New, low-cost airlines started with few of these yield management techniques, calculating that the leisure traveler was put off by the plethora of fares for the same trajectory. Ryanair assumed that passengers placed different values on their travel. The vacationer and displaced worker could count on long-term travel planning. They are price-conscious. For those willing to plan ahead, Ryanair could price significantly below scheduled airlines. As capacity filled and the date for flight departure approached, Ryanair could adjust its pricing online in a flash, helping to assure that most planes fly full. Whereas legacy carriers layered time constraints (greater than 21, 14 or 7 days, for example), Ryanair might price in the opposite direction, giving last-minute flyers a discount for booking. Again, Ryanair defined their customers differently than at the legacy carriers. Their last-minute flyers needed three key attributes: flexible in their flight schedule, price-sensitive and impulsive. Here are the thoughts of potential customers in this last-minute category: "Sure, I'd fly to Dublin to catch a play and quaff a Guinness, if the price were less than 20 return." This is an impulse customer. "I need to get back to Warsaw to handle some immigration papers." This customer is price-sensitive and flexible in his/her schedule. Distribution Channels and Their Importance to Ryanair's Marketing Mix Ryanair could not exist without the Internet. The key benefits and tools for Ryanair are all internet-based: 1. Ryanair's cost per transaction must remain low in order to keep down fares. By bypassing the travel agent (once novel, now commonplace), Ryanair reduced its transaction costs per passenger by 5-10% of airfare. 2. Related to the above, Ryanair was able to reduce labor costs by having the passenger perform much of the administrative work online (and obviating the need at the airport or on the phone). 3. In order to fill planes, Ryanair must have to-the-minute pricing flexibility. Empty seats make no money; the ability to fill the 137th seat in a 737, even if it only provides 20, is an extra 20 falling to the bottom line for that flight. 4. Internet booking allows Ryanair to control all aspects of the customer relationship. This information is invaluable for future promotions. If Ryanair knows, for example, that it has a London-based passenger who travels often to Warsaw, they can focus on that customer for future

The production, operating, and purchasing for Wal-mart Essay

The production, operating, and purchasing for Wal-mart - Essay Example In the fiscal year 2005, the net worth of Wal-Mart’s sales summed up to $312.43 billion. The strength of Wal-Mart today can be estimated from the fact that more than 1.6 million people all over the world are employed by Wal-Mart, which is 0.2 millions more than the total population of the 39th most populous state i.e. Idaho (Wilbert). Wal-Mart produces everything from processed foods to fabrics, cosmetics, office supplies, paints and furniture. Wal-Mart is undoubtedly a big controller of the world’s economy. Wal-Mart has fundamentally relied upon outsourcing to enhance the profitability of its business. Throughout its history, the company has been purchasing the services of vendors, local or imported, that would provide it with the cheapest services. â€Å"From the beginning, Walton had bought goods wherever he could get them cheapest, with any other considerations secondary. [Walton] increasingly looked to imports, which were usually cheaper because factory workers were paid so much less in China and the other Asian countries† (Ortega cited in Hornblower). In his autobiography written in 1992, Walton wrote, â€Å"Were not interested in charity here; we dont believe in subsidizing substandard work or inefficiency, so our primary goal became to work with American manufacturers, and see if our formidable buying power could help them deliver the goods, and in the process, save some American manufacturing jobs† (Walton cited in Hornblower). Although Wal-Mart has tried to maintain its patriotic image in the media by emphasizing upon the need and its intentions to buy only American services and vendors, yet the fact that it has accommodated external vendors to reduce the expenses and increase the profitability of the business contradicts its own vision and statements. This is the reason why Wal-Mart has been considered good for America by some and bad for America by others. According to the Professor Gary Geffery, Wal-Mart has performed far better as compared to

Why People Tell Lies Essay Example for Free

Why People Tell Lies Essay Telling a lie is something that seems to come naturally to people. It is usually a tall story used to hide their shortcomings as individuals or hide actual events that may prove to be detrimental to certain situations a person is involved in. When a person lies because of those reasons, he hopes that the person he is telling it to will believe it and forget the situation that currently exists. The reason people lie vary in reason and depends upon the age of the liar. As children, a lie is sometimes part of an over active imagination. As adults, the lies are told to make their lives seem more interesting than it usually is. Or, among friends, a lie is told to protect feelings or secrets. A lie told by a friend to cover up another friend usually builds the â€Å"I got your back† basis of the friendship. Lies told for any reason is unacceptable. There is no such thing a small lie or a white lie. A lie is a lie and it has severe repercussions once it is discovered. Sometimes, a person becomes a congenital liar because he is afraid that people will not like the real him. So he makes up a totally different personality to make him more popular with people. Unfortunately, once the lie is caught, that usually means the end of that relationship. It is said that a person who says he never lies is a liar himself. I would tend to believe that because some people do not even realize they are lying to people anymore. The people around us who are supposed to be our role models, the celebrities, the politicians, even our own parents, lie at certain points during their lives for one reason or another. So how can they expect us to tell the truth all the time when they themselves cannot be bound to it? Lies are also told in order to assert authority. Leadership by fear it is called. An empty threat that nobody is serious about following through on. Basically, people lie simply because it is easier to deal with a lie and tell people what they want to hear instead of telling a truth that would have to be justified in the end. Why People Tell Lies (Final Version) Some people believe that lying is an act that comes naturally to everyone. The reasons for telling a lie is as varied as the imagination of the people telling lies. The recognized reason that people tell lies is because they need to hide certain information or actions that could have a negative after effect on the liar and the people around him once the truth gets out. It is a way of diverting attention from what really transpired in the hopes that the people concerned will no longer be interested in finding out more details about the events as it actually happened. The fact is that people of all ages, race, and ethnicity lie. Children tell lies as part of their cognitive development processes. A lie is an acceptable product of an over active imagination that the child releases through story telling. Adults on the other hand lie for completely different reasons that are deemed unacceptable by proper society. An adult can lie in order to make himself more interesting as a person or to get ahead in the workplace. When among friends, lies are told to protect feelings, or keep secrets of others in order to reinforce the â€Å"trust† factor between friends. In truth, lies, regardless of the reason they are told, are unacceptable in any society. There is no such thing as a harmless, small, or even white lie. There are no innocent lies because once a lie is told, it immediately poses severe repercussions for the liar who will always be discovered n the end. When a person takes to lying in order become a popular and accepted person in social circles and is caught, the lie effectively ends any relationship that existed and creates an irreparable rift among those concerned. I believe that a person who says that he never lies is a liar himself. The images of people who we trusted to tell the truth and yet lie all the time surround us. From the politicians to the Hollywood celebrities we admire, they all seem to lie to the public on a daily basis and expect us to believe everything they say. They make telling a lie a proper and acceptable thing to do in society. How can we be expected to tell the truth to the people around us when we are surrounded daily by liars? Obviously, one of the major reasons that a person tells a lie, as evidenced by the politicians and celebrities is to assert their authority and influence on the impressionable people. When a lie is told, a wrong magically becomes a right. Even our own parents lie during certain instances and they should therefore never hold their kids to telling them the whole truth all the time. Basically, it is easier to tell a lie and deal with covering it up with more lies than it is to tell a truth with justifiable reasons. People seem to accept and deal with lies more easily, that is why people lie.

The Charlie Barber Treatment - :: essays research papers

A Character Study of Charlotte Barber The novel 'The Charlie Barber Treatment'; is written by Carole Lloyd. It is about a boy called Simon whose mother dies unexpectedly. He is very upset and unable to get over his mum. When he meets Charlie Barber she really cheers him up. Charlie has a big effect on Simon. Charlie is a sixteen-year-old girl who is staying with her Gran for the week.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  We first meet Charlotte when Simon bumps into her outside the local newsagents in his small town. Charlie asks Simon directions to somewhere she can walk her Gran's dog. Simon tells her directions to the downs but Charlie deliberately gets confused and gets Simon to go with her.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Right from the first time we meet Charlie we see she knows what she wants. 'She chuckled and the smile went all the to her eyes which stared quite directly and honestly into his.'; This implies she is very pleased when Simon offers to show her the way to the downs.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  We see she is complete control of hers and Simon's relationship, right from the beginning. ' 'I'm not going up there alone.'; Simon has a sudden sense of being out played.'; Here Simon knows that she has no intention of letting him go.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I think Charlie is a very independent girl. 'Who cares what other people think?'; She also shows she is independent by being in the village without her dad.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  We know that Charlie is quite caring from when she won't give Simon any sugar for his tea. She playfully argues with him. 'It's bad for you.';   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Charlie is a very clever girl. She has eleven O-levels and is going to university. Simon is clever as well so they are quite well matched.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Charlie and Simon first know for sure that they like each other when Charlie is at Simon's house. 'I needed to see you.'; Later on Simon walks Charlie home and they hug and kiss.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Charlie knows she is forward and sometimes a bit pushy but not in a nasty way. 'Gran thinks I'm very forward and you're probably just too polite to tell me.

The Economic Impact of Tourism

Social and cultural impact of tourism As an industry, tourism is a dynamic, evolving, consumer-driven force. It is the world’s largest industry. It is the employer of 183 million people. This represents 10,2% of the global workforce. By employing one out of every the workers, travel and tourism is the world’s largest employer. As an industry, tourism is expected to grow much faster than other sectors. Growing so rapidly, tourism presents tremendous opportunities and challenges.Although a mature industry, tourism is a young profession. The good news is the variety of career prospects for today’s hospitality and tourism graduates. Tourism is a leading producer of tax revenues. When a tourist spends money to travel, to stay in a hotel, or to eat in a restaurant, that money is recycled by these businesses to purchase more goods, thereby generating further use of the money. In addition, employees of businesses who serve tourists spend a high proportion of their money locally on various goods and services.This chain reaction continues until there’s a leakage, meaning that money is used to purchase something from outside their area. This phenomenon is usually called the multiplier effect. Social and cultural impact of tourism From a social and cultural perspective, tourism can have both positive and negative impacts on communities. Even a visit to another part of your own country can both socially and culturally stimulating. Undoubtedly, tourism has made significant contributions to international understanding, peace and prosperity.However, tourism results not only in sociocultural benefits but also in sociocultural problems. Imagine the feelings of an employee in a developing country who earns perhaps $5 per day when he sees wealthy tourists flaunting money. Another example is nude female tourists sunbathing in a Moslem country. On the other hand, tourism is a clean and green industry, that most of the hotels are built with concern for the environment and use local crafts people, designers, and materials.Tourism brings new revenue to the area, it also creates and maintains higher rate of employment than if there were no tourism. During the past few years, the so-called â€Å"ecotourism† has developed in the countries which try to minimize visitor impact on their natural and cultural environment. In practical terms, ecotourism tour operators prepare participants by educating them about local culture, animals, plants.

Lexington and Concord, Who Fired First? Essay

The battle that was fought at Lexington and Concord was seen all across America as â€Å"The shot heard around the world† or the beginning to the American Revolution. It is truly began the war between America and Britain, especially from the rage created by the battle. But to tell who exactly fired first to start this event is really unclear in some minds. But in perspective, the British were the ones who most likely set the spark aflame because they knew about the weaponry, they came knowing they’d take the land by force so the intention was there, and the Americans were minimally prepared for the invasion. Since the conflict was going on throughout the two countries, battles were beginning to up rise in the colonies and frustration was building up. To give themselves an advantage in the fighting, the red-coats knew where the American weapons were stored in large numbers and intended on taking it from them to give them the upper hand with the attack and put them forward towards victory. And in addition, when American troops came out and stopped the British for Simon, who was apparently taken by force, blocking their way of proceeding any further, an officer was observed by Simon commanding to fire at the American militia. This was the only observed action that provided the first shot by anyone which leans towards the British beginning the revolution. However the source may or may not be true, hence more detail can be looked into what actually happened. Seeing that also that a British soldier also admitted on their own side that their captain was the one to command firing at the scene the evidence pushing it to their fault is leading to be above needed. Though no proof itself was presented the known facts lead us to believe that the first shot was given by the red-coat soldiers. Now getting back into the reason they were going to concord, their purpose was specifically to infiltrate their weapons area containing threatening items of warfare to give them an advantage. Obviously the Americans wouldn’t give up their stash of things that protects them from the British without force. So this means that the English troops were expecting revolt against them and were prepared to fight to receive the artillery. This leads to the last fact given to support the assumption of the British attacking first, preparation. The soldiers of England were given orders to march from Boston to march to Lexington and Concord to take the intimidating weaponry from them. They were mentally and physically prepared for the upcoming battle awaiting them as they marched. However, the colonist militia had no clue of the attack until they had Prescott come and warn them of the march awaiting their fate soon to come. No reason was given, no knowing whether or not to be ready to defend their home or if they were just passing through. All they had was the sense of trouble that could possibly be coming. They actually were ordered to disperse, and they did, when the troops arrived, to cause no harm or threat. But once the shooting started, it sparked something much bigger. And it is for these reasons and supporting facts that I believe it was the British were the ones to first fire at the American militia. Even though there is no true way of finding out with the existing known facts of whose actual fault it was, the details basically are saying that it was the British militia who fire the first shot at the battle, being the ones who shot the â€Å"Shot heard around the world† and beginning the revolution. The evidences that support it is that the knowledge of armory by the British, the intention to attack by them , and lastly the minimal preparation of the American people that lead us to think that it was the British who fired the first shot.

What You Can Eat to Get More Done in a Day[Infographic]

What You Can Eat to Get More Done in a Day[Infographic] Many of us underestimate the power of our diets. Eating a healthy meal 3 times a day can have a big impact on your overall health, productivity and performance at work. Here’s a cool little infographic on what you can eat to get more done in a day. Check it out below:Â  Source: [Hubspot] [EBOC]

10 Facts About Teen Dating Violence and Abuse

10 Facts About Teen Dating Violence and Abuse Unhealthy relationship behaviors often start early and lead to a lifetime of abuse. Thats according to Choose Respect, a national initiative to help adolescents and young teens age 11 to 14 form healthy relationships to prevent dating abuse. Every student, parent and teacher needs to be aware of the prevalence of teen dating violence in the US. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention report that one in eleven adolescents is a victim of physical dating violence. 10 Facts About Teen Dating Violence The following ten facts are from Choose Respects Get the Facts: Dating Abuse Statistics and About Choose Respect: Dating Abuse Fact Sheet: Each year approximately one in four adolescents report verbal, physical, emotional or sexual abuse.Approximately one in five adolescents report being a victim of emotional abuse.Approximately one in five high school girls has been physically or sexually abused by a dating partner.Dating violence among their peers is reported by 54% of high school students.One in three teens report knowing a friend or peer who has been physically hurt by his or her partner through violent actions which included hitting, punching, kicking, slapping, and/or choking.Eighty percent of teens believe verbal abuse is a serious issue for their age group.Nearly 80% of girls who have been victims of physical abuse in their dating relationships continue to date the abuser.Nearly 20% of teen girls who have been in a relationship said that their boyfriend had threatened violence or self-harm in the event of a break-up.Nearly 70% of young women who have been raped knew their rapist; the perpetrator was or had been a boyfriend, friend, or casual acquaintance. The majority of teen dating abuse occurs in the home of one of the partners.

Eye Screening Reflection of Learning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Eye Screening Reflection of Learning - Essay Example The impact of the Early Youth Eye Care program on the society is excellent. People appreciate the efforts of the E.Y.E volunteers and donate to help them continue putting in efforts to remove visionary problems for the children. The E.Y.E community uses vision screening to detect actual problems of the children in order to provide them with appropriate medical treatment. The volunteers also help poor families in receiving health treatment. Moreover, they also make people aware of the ways they can use to protect their eyesight and improve their vision. Four barriers to receiving healthcare include lack of awareness, no proper transport, less money, and lack of interest. I would identify these barriers using surveys and questionnaires. I would design and send questionnaires to every family living in my area in order to know the barriers that they face in receiving healthcare. Based on the analysis of the responses, I would take steps to remove the barriers that I would find. The experience would put an impact on my professional nursing career. â€Å"Hands-on experience and skills are important for you to success in this career field† (Harvard, 2012). The experience would inject care for patients and a sense of therapeutic nursing in my mind. It would also help me become able to administer medications and perform diagnostics tests of the patients. â€Å"A licensed practical nurse can do things like start IVs, administer medications, take samples, perform basic lab analysis, dress wounds, take vital signs, and perform basic diagnostic tasks† (Smith, n.d.). Moreover, working in impoverished communities and educating unaware people regarding illness prevention and treatment would also help me develop effective clinical skills and

Tell us about a time when you tried to reach a goal or complete a task Essay

Tell us about a time when you tried to reach a goal or complete a task that was challenging, difficult, or frustrating. What did you learn from this experience - Essay Example My role was to ensure that all the variables were working and that the bank registered additional clients as a result of the efforts of the sales department. The organization was experiencing stiff competition that called for aggressive sales strategy. As a sales representative, I was tasked with reaching prospective customers and make them register with the bank and deposit cash into their accounts. The move aimed at increasing the bank’s loanable funds and borrowing from the bank. Traditionally, the bank used personal selling and promotional camps to boost sales. With this in mind, the department arranged meetings with potential customers and gave them the details about the bank’s services. The meetings would also allow customers to ask questions regarding our products in order to contemplate making investment decisions (Pride & Ferrell, 2012). The sales representatives camped in several places to improve the visibility of the bank and its financial products. Despite our efforts, I realized that the realized sales were very few and did not make much impact to the bank’s portfolio. I noted that personal selling strategy was not ideal for the bank since it only reached a small segment of the market (Pride & Ferrell, 2012). As such, I concluded that the bank would require an elaborate marketing strategy to improve sales. The Board of Directors asked me to compile possible strategies that would enable the sales department achieve its mandate. I was determined to prove why personal selling alone was not ideal for the bank. I tabled the results of the study before the Board of Directors. I recommended that the bank overhauls its entire strategy and include advertising in mass media and online marketing. However, the Managing Director of the bank was conservative and determined to maintain the status quo. He argued that the new strategies would increase the cost of sales of the bank, thus

Social and Economic Impacts on Communities of Hosting The London Essay

Social and Economic Impacts on Communities of Hosting The London Olympic Games 2012 - Essay Example This study therefore examines the social impact of host communities staging major sport events with a specific examination of the upcoming London 2012 Summer Olympic and Paralympic Games. The study utilised a secondary research method applying Morgan (2007) SLR methodology to scrutinise the various literature on the subject. The literature examined was based on past sports effect limited to the 2000 Sidney Olympics to the most recent Beijing Games 2008. The sources were collected from academic, journals, books and relevant reports as well as topical writings. The study has indicated a positive social impact on local communities with numerous studies indicating that the local population has gained tremendously from the staging of the event in their backyard. Many indicators point at a resurgence of the formerly deprived area to emerge as a major economic zone in London. The study was however, limited by the scope of the research, which was examining the topic prior to the staging of the events, hence lacked some long-term view of the sustenance of the projects. This study will build upon existing research on the social impact of major sports events but with particular focus upon the upcoming London 2012 Summer Olympic and Paralympic Games. The study evaluates the positive and negative impact of hosting the Games on local communities while also seeking to establish the short term and long-term effects to the community. The study aims at determining whether major or mega sporting events exemplified by the Olympics have a positive or negative impact on local communities who normally endure the most of the events staged in their backyard. Most studies emphasise the economic benefits including infrastructural developments, employment, integration and environmental upgrading; however, there have been some indications that some members of the community are negatively affected by this mega events. This study is based on the London 2012 summer Olympics Games,

Genetic Modification: Methodology, Ethics and Importance

Genetic Modification: Methodology, Ethics and Importance Genetic modification: methodology, ethicality and importance of understanding Sarah Bernadette Dacanay Word Count (excluding references): 1418 words Introduction The 21st century is a time where science is progressing at rapid speed with the development of new methods used to improve the livelihood of human life. Such methods include the controversial genetic modification of organisms and products, in order to produce effective vaccines, food sources, etc. (Glenn, 2013). Australia like many nations genetically modifies some of its food and plants (i.e. cows, chicken, wheat, cotton, etc.) (Office of the Gene Technology Regulator, 2014) and before being accessible to the public, are heavily regulated by the Gene Technology Regulator (GTR). Furthermore, scientists and organizations such CSIRO (CSIRO, 2010) are constantly finding means to improve the efficiency of the methods and its ethicality. As such, scientific evidence regarding genetic modification is constantly being updated. Genetic modification can potentially offer tremendous benefits, but as it is still relatively new, there are many uncertainties regarding its methods and ethicality. Thus, much of the public is still unsure on where they stand. The need for current and credible information about this field is undeniably important for the public, in order to gain a better understanding about its advantages and disadvantages. And once this knowledge is gained, they can make a sound decision on where they want to stand with the progression of this field of research. Source 1: eBook file Source/Author The eBook file, National Framework of Ethical Principles in Gene Technology 2012 Outlines the ‘†¦ethical principles and values relevant to†¦ gene technology†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ and ‘aims to promote well-informed ethical decision making†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ (Gene Technology Ethics and Community Consultative Committee, 2012). The research into the guidelines outlined in the book has been done by the Gene Technology Ethics and Community Consultative Committee (GTECCC) under the guidance and watch of the Office of the Gene Technology Regulator (OGTR). The GTECCC provides advice on the request of the Gene Technology Regulator (GTR), or the Gene Technology Ministerial Council (GTMC) regarding ethical issues and policy principles with relation to genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and products (GM). The 11 appointments for the committee are done by the Hon Catherine King, Parliamentary Secretary for Health and Ageing after consulting the GTR, State/Territory Ministers and organizations relating to science, consumers, heath, environmental and industry (Office of the Gene Technology Regulator, n.d.). The members chosen to be part of this committee are experts who range from community consultation, ethics, genetic research and risk communication just to name a few. For example, Donald Chalmers, the Chair of the GTECCC, is a Distinguished Professor at the University of Tasmania and is the Director of the Centre for Law and Genetics; and Ms Corrinna Lange, another member, has a wealth of knowledge regarding science communication through her various roles within public and private sector organizations. (Office of the Gene Technology Regulator, 2012). The fear of bias by the authors while constructing the framework due to conflict of interests, is easily solved as members are ‘†¦subject to strict disclosure of interest provisions†¦contained in the Gene Technology Regulations 2001†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ in which, it is stated that ‘Before the Minister appoints a person as an expert advisory†¦must obtain†¦a declaration setting out all direct or indirect interests†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ (Expert Advisers – disclosure of interests, 2001). The compiled research is also subject to act in accordance to the Gene Technology Act 2000 (Cwth) in which s.3 states that â€Å"the object of this Act is to protect the health and safety of people†¦protects the environment by identifying risks posed by or as a result of gene technology†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢. As such, the information provided by the GTECCC in their eBook publication stating the framework for ethics and decision making regarding genetic research and modification i s highly credible. Publisher The Australian Commonwealth Government is a non-partisan institute regarding genetic modification and is undoubtedly established as being credible and well-respected. The credibility of a book lies not only with the author but, also with the publisher; the organization/institute who funds or supports the research of the author/s. The organization/institute and authors are therefore responsible for the information being published. In this case, the funding and support of this eBook, the National Framework of Ethical Principles in Gene Technology 2012 (Gene Technology Ethics and Community Consultative Committee, 2012) research came from the Australian Commonwealth Government. As the information published inside therefore not only reflects the views and opinions of the author, but is also considered as credible information by the Australian Commonwealth Government. Therefore, as the Australian Commonwealth Government is a credible publisher, the eBooks’ (Gene Technology Ethics an d Community Consultative Committee, 2012) credibility is also reinforced. Source 2: Journal Article Peer-Review Process Peer-review is a commonly used process during the editing phase of scientific journals to distinguish what articles sent to be published in the journal are credible, relevant and publish worthy. The process requires the article to be sent and scrutinised by experts in the same field who are considered as ‘peer-reviewers’. They asses the ‘validity, significance and originality’ (Sense About Science, 2005) and ultimately act as ‘an error detection system’ (Science Media Centre, 2003). In order to asses these criterions, the results and experiments are re-tested by these peer-reviewers to ensure that the findings are accurate. A decision is then made on whether the article should be published or rejected. If the decision is for the article to be published, it will either be sent back to the author/s for the final review or sometimes, may go straight into publishing after gaining the approval of the Chief Editor (Understanding Science, 2014). My chosen journal article (Macdonald et al., 2012) was initially handed into the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) on December 4, 2011 for review before being published in their online journal. One of the many peer-reviewers assigned to the article was R. Michael Roberts, University of Missouri, Columbia. Dr Roberts’ is a member of the National Academy of Science and his research areas include ‘utilizing human embryonic stem cells (hESC)†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ and ‘induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC)†¦ by reprogramming.’ (Department of Biochemistry University of Missouri, n.d.). The knowledge he holds in the field therefore, indicates his sound ability as a reviewer for the article, proving him capable of making good judgement on whether the claims and conclusions stated are credible. Photographic Evidence Photographic evidence is an effective way to illustrate the processes and results that should be reached during an experiment. It provides the experimenter with an indication on whether the methods are accurately followed. The Materials and Methods section of the journal article (Macdonald et al., 2012), with its various reference images fulfils this purpose. For example, Figure 6, part B in the Materials and Methods section, indicates how the ‘cross-section of a 3 day embryo a day after the injection of GFP-expressing PGCs’ should look like (Macdonald et al., 2012). Furthermore, the results are set out in clear graphs which are annotated. This can be seen in Figure 2, part D of the Results section, which contains a graph comparing the ‘stable transfection rates of piggyBac and Tol2 transposons in PGCs.’ (Macdonald et al., 2012). The annotations also indicate that the collected and graphed data represent a minimum of four independent experiments. The clarity and in-depth expression, through photographic evidence and compiled data, leave little room for error as it indicates what outcomes should be reached by their methods. This not only makes it easy for those trialling the experiment to compare results, but it also expresses their strong belief that their research is credible. Summary The boundless amounts of information, found on the internet and at libraries regarding genetic modification, can overwhelm individuals when they first begin researching to grasp a better understanding about the field. Furthermore, as the field is constantly updating and newer efficient methodologies are being discovered, ‘new’ information can grow ‘old’ relatively fast and thus lose its credibility. The two scholarly sources, the eBook (Gene Technology Ethics and Community Consultative Committee, 2012) and the journal article, (Macdonald et al., 2012) I have chosen, are in my opinion examples of credible information. I assessed their credibility under the following criteria: source/author and publisher for the eBook; the peer-review process and photographic evidence for the journal article, and found that the criteria were fulfilled. Thus, indicating that the information from the two scholarly sources is credible. Therefore, to conclude, the information with in the two sources can be used to either grasp a better understanding about the field of genetic modification, or be used as references in university research assignment tasks. References American Psychological Association. (2013). The Rules for Federal Regulations: I. The Code of Federal Regulations. Retrieved from http://blog.apastyle.org/apastyle/2013/07/the-rules-for-federal-regulations-i-code-of-federal-regulations.html CSIRO. (2010). Gene technology. Retrieved from http://www.csiro.au/Outcomes/Food-and-Agriculture/Gene-technology.aspx Curators of the University of Missouri. (2006). Welcome to the Roberts Lab Website. Retrieved from http://robertslab.missouri.edu/ Department of Biochemistry University of Missouri. (n.d.). R. Michael Roberts. Retrieved from http://biochem.missouri.edu/faculty/faculty-members/robertsm/index.php Expert Advisers – disclosure of interests, 23 Gene Technology Regulations  §1 (2001) Gene Technology Act 2000 (Cwth) s.3 (Austl.) Glenn, L. M. (2013). Ethical Issues in Genetic Engineering and Transgenics. Retrieved from http://www.actionbioscience.org/biotechnology/glenn.html Office of the Gene Technology Regulator. (2012). GTECCC members. Retrieved from http://www.ogtr.gov.au/internet/ogtr/publishing.nsf/content/gteccc-members11-htm Office of the Gene Technology Regulator. (2014). Record of GM Product Dealings. Retrieved from http://www.ogtr.gov.au/internet/ogtr/publishing.nsf/content/gmfoodprod4-htm Office of the Gene Technology Regulator. (n.d.). Genetically Modified Product approvals. Retrieved from http://www.ogtr.gov.au/internet/ogtr/publishing.nsf/content/gmoprod-1 Office of the Gene Technology Regulator. (n.d.). The Gene Technology Ethics and Community Consultative Committee. Retrieved from http://www.ogtr.gov.au/internet/ogtr/publishing.nsf/content/gteccc-2 Science Media Centre (2003) Communicating peer review in a soundbite, p.1. Sense about Science. (2004). Peer Review AND THE ACCEPTANCE OF NEW SCIENTIFIC IDEAS. London, England: Author. Sense about Science. (2005). â€Å"I DON’T KNOW WHAT TO BELIEVE†¦Ã¢â‚¬ Making sense of science stories. London, England: Author. Sense about Science. (2009). MAKING SENSE OF GM. London, England: Author. Understanding Science University of California Museum of Paleontology. (n.d.). Scrutinizing science: Peer Review. Retrieved from: http://undsci.berkeley.edu/article/howscienceworks_16 University Library University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. (n.d.). Is it scholarly? Tips for critically evaluating your information resources. Retrieved from http://www.library.illinois.edu/ugl/howdoi/scholarly.html University of Western Australia Med Library. (n.d.). Vancouver citation style. Retrieved from http://guides.is.uwa.edu.au/content.php?pid=279406sid=2323728 University of Western Australia Science Library. (n.d.). APA citation style. Retrieved from http://guides.is.uwa.edu.au/apa Victoria University. (n.d.). APA REFERENCING: A Brief Guide. Retrieved from http://guides.library.vu.edu.au/content.php?pid=270421sid=2230821 References for two scholarly sources: Peer-Reviewed Journal Article (Primary Source): APA:  Macdonald, J., Taylor, L., Sherman, A., Kawakami, K., Takahashi, Y., Sang, Helen M., McGrew, Michael J. (2012). Efà ¯Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ cient genetic modià ¯Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ cation and germ-line transmission of primordial germ cells using piggyBac and Tol2 transposons.  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,109(23), E1466-E1472. doi:10.1073/pnas.1118715109 Vancouver: Macdonald J, Taylor L, Sherman A, Kawakami K, Takahashi Y, Sang HM, McGrew MJ. Efà ¯Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ cient genetic modià ¯Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ cation and germ-line transmission of primordial germ cells using piggyBac and Tol2 transposons. [Internet]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2012. [cited 2014 March 15]; 109(23) [about 7 p.]. Available from:  http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2012/05/10/1118715109.abstract Grey Literature (PDF file): APA: Gene Technology Ethics and Community Consultative Committee. (2012).  National Framework of Ethical Principles in Gene Technology 2012  [PDF]. Retrieved from  http://www.ogtr.gov.au/internet/ogtr/publishing.nsf/Content/gtecccpapers-1/$FILE/gtecccethicalprinciples2012.pdf Vancouver: Gene Technology Ethics and Community Consultative Committee. National Framework of Ethical Principles in Gene Technology 2012 [Internet]. Commonwealth of Australia; 2012 [revised 2014 Feb 2; cited 2014 Mar 15]. Available from:  http://www.ogtr.gov.au/internet/ogtr/publishing.nsf/Content/gtecccpapers-1/$FILE/gtecccethicalprinciples2012.pdf Sarah Bernadette Dacanay

An Evaluation Of Nullsoft Winamp :: essays research papers

Nullsoft Winamp is a fast, flexible, high fidelity music player for Windows 95/98/NT. Winamp supports MP3, MP2, CD, MOD, WAV and other audio formats. Winamp also supports custom interfaces called skins, audio visualization and audio effect plug-ins. Nullsoft also provides a high quality website at http://www.winamp.com. The Winamp homepage provides support, information, software downloads, and music downloads for Nullsoft’s music products. Winamp is a high quality music player for your personal computer. The first thing to look for when considering a program to play music on your computer is sound quality. Nullsoft Winamp has the ability to play CD quality sound from MP3, MP2, CD, MOD, WAV and other audio formats. Winamp has a ten band graphic equalizer and built-in pre-amplifier that allows the user greater control over sound quality even before the music passes through a sound card or speakers. If you are not comfortable with changing the equalizer settings yourself, Winamp has hundreds of preset settings which are categorized by music type. Examples of this include Jazz, Rock, Reggae, and many more. Winamp users even have the ability to create and save song-specific pre-amplifier and equalizer settings. Another important factor in choosing a music program for your computer is customizable features. Winamp meets this criterion well. The ability to customize your music player makes the program easier to use. The user has the ability to make a â€Å"Play list† from the music files that are stored on the hard drive of the user’s computer. Play lists are easy to load and are not difficult to create. The Nullsoft Winamp website has a Plugin and Skin collection available for downloads to further customize your copy of Winamp. There are hundreds of different plugins and skins to choose from. Plugins for Winamp range from audio visualization oscilloscopes to audio effects like distortion and surround sound. Skin categories range from different colors to cartoons and artwork. Technically advanced users can even create their own skins. Customer service and technical support services are important with any product, especially when a user is unfamiliar with the product. The Winamp program can be difficult to learn and use without some instruction. However, Nullsoft Winamp provides a stable and easy to navigate website that includes many helpful services. Customer service and technical support are available through chat and via email from the Winamp homepage. Customers have the ability to read step-by-step instructions on how to use Winamp and all of its custom features by clicking on easy to see links.

Leadership of Richard Branson Essay

Richard Branson, the founder of Virgin Group has been a household name in the United Kingdom for over twenty years. He is well respected in the business world. He is the founder of the Virgin Group, which is known for many different things such as cell phones, record labels, airlines and many more. â€Å"Branson is also known for his unique character and leadership styles, one who is not afraid to take risks, and believes that people are the foundation to his company’s success. If I were to first characterize his leadership style I would say he is definitely a democratic leader. He truly feels that getting other peoples input and listening to what people have to say are a core value to him. He carries a notebook in his pocket all the time just in case he hears something interesting from people that he interacts with on any level. Whether it be an employee, friend, business partner or complete stranger, for him he knows that good ideas can come from anywhere and anytime (Leade rship Styles, 2006).† According to Psychologist Kurt Lewin, democratic leaders make the final decisions, but they include team members in the decision-making process. They encourage creativity, and people are often highly engaged in projects and decisions. As a result, team members tend to have high job satisfaction and high productivity. This is not always an effective style to use, though, when you need to make a quick decision. The business dictionary website corresponds in its meaning of a democratic leadership style stating that the style involves a team where all persons are included in the decision-making process as well as the procedural course of action. According to an article in Entrepreneur, there is almost nothing Richard Branson won’t do to promote his company. As eccentric as this plights may be, they have made Virgin one of the best-known and most popular brand names in the world. The article goes on to explain how his strange business and managerial strategies have created a $5 billion empire. Richard Branson has also been referred to as a visionary leader. The visionary leadership style is described as â€Å"a big-picture thinker who sets clear standards and inspires with a sense of shared mission, the visionary leader can be overbearing (Blustein, 2013).† When asked about his  leadership style, Richard Branson says he makes sure he is surrounded by team builders who can make sure that the needs of individual employees do not get lost in the pursuit of a grand vision. He also says to think twice before showing the smart people who work for you how much smarter you are (Blustein, 2013).† Emotional Intelligence is defined as â€Å"skill in perceiving, understanding, and managing emotions and feelings, awareness of one’s own emotions and moods and those of others, especially in managing people, an awareness of and ability to manage emotions and create motivation (Dictionary.com, 2014).† Richard Branson is an example of emotional intelligence in practice. In 2003, the commercial successes in the highly competitive and volatile Australian Aviation Industry, with the launch of Virgin Blue’s corporate existence, the company has achieved 30% market share of the Australian domestic air travel market and is due to fl oat on the Australian stock exchange at a capitalization of billions. Branson’s leadership capability characterized by emotional intelligence, has been evident through his ability to relate to motivate and unify staff from this industry at a time when many airline employees were disillusioned and skeptical in a third airline’s ability to successfully operate in the Australian market (Carlson, Voola,& West, 2004).† This shows how the unique aspects of Richard Branson’s leadership style mesh successfully with the particular attributes of the multifaceted organization that is Virgin. Richard Branson is known to motivate employees by encouraging all employees to apply for jobs at other Virgin companies that they find interesting. In recent years, a few Virgin companies have provoked as a result; we often refer to them as our â€Å"shot in the arm† companies. They show customers and employees what our business stands for, and often inspire our teams at other businesses to try new challenges. Another way Branson keeps employees engaged is by inviting them to take part in company events, like the Virgin Mobile Live Free fest, a free music festival held every year to raise money (through donations) for homeless young people. Along with giving employees a chance to give something back to the community, the festival allows an opportunity to say thank you to customers and staff by providing them with the chance to enjoy themselves for free. The sense of fun unites the businesses reminds employees of what the company stands for. In some ways it’s easier for a large organization like Virgin to embark on such projects,  but with a little inventiveness and resourceful thinking, other business owners might come up with shot-in-the-arm schemes of their own (Entrepreneur, 2012). Maintaining a focused and motivated staff can be a difficult task for employers to master, especially during harsh economic times and with stretched resources. Branson recently held a series of talks for employees, where they were encouraged to engage and debate different subjects. The exercises were held on a tropical island in the Caribbean. Every company does not have the luxury of taking their employees off to a tropical island, that doesn’t mean there aren’t ways to get minds focused and engaged. If one is trying to grow a diverse, creative team, it is not necessary to take employees to the Caribbean to keep them learning. Branson has suggested inviting guest speakers to the office. â€Å"Go to events focusing on topics that are not strictly related to your industry and bring some of your employees along. He advises, one of the best ways to learn is by taking team members out of their comfort zone and embracing new ideas, results will yield. Focusing on a topic ou t of the norm can bring renewed vigor to everyday activities (Preston, 2013). My assessment of Richard Branson’s ability to articulate and communicate his vision for his company to employees and other stakeholders in the traditional sense of writing a mission statement, he has failed. However, I believe that actions speak louder than words, and with that said, Richard Branson has done an outstanding job in showing his mission statement. In an interview with Entrepreneur Branson says, â€Å"Many business management experts would argue that a mission statement should be your company’s cornerstone, inspiring and informing your employees in the years ahead. I can’t agree. The Virgin Group does have a mission statement — one that is brief and to the point. In general, there is too much importance being placed on such statements, but it is interesting to see how they reflect common missteps in business, for example Enron. Before the giant energy company went bankrupt in 2001, ruining the lives of tens of thousands of employees and investors, its vision and values statement was â€Å"Respect, integrity, communication and excellence.† While some mission statements consist of one vague statement, others are too long, which may reflect management’s lack of understanding of what a company really does. Branson goes on to say that if Virgin had to put their mission statement on a coat of arms, it would probably say something  like, â€Å"Ipsum sine timore, consector,† which very loosely translated from the Latin means, â€Å"Screw it, let’s do it (Entrepreneur, 2013)!† There are four steps to evaluate whether Richard Branson’s leadership style is a good fit for me as a manager: Determine my leadership style Assess the organization’s culture Define my expectations in a leader Learn about Richard Branson’s leadership style and whether or not it meshes. Asking the following questions about the organizational culture can help clarify what type of work environment the organization offers: Work style: How does our work done? Collaboratively? Independently? A combination? How are decisions made? Consensus-driven? Authoritatively? How is communication? Verbally or in written form? Directly or indirectly? Voicemail, email, or in person? What are meetings like? Serious? Lighthearted? Tightly or loosely structured? Professional opportunities and advancement: What types of people tend to do well here? Individual contributors? Team players? People who are proactive or more responsive? How is the structure? Hierarchical or flat? Centralized or decentralized authority? Clear reporting structures or matrix? How people who do well rewarded? What happens when people don’t perform well? I conclude that I would be successful working under this type of leader. William George, a Professor of Management Practice, Henry B. Arthur Fellow of Ethics, at Harvard Business School says the most successful leaders will not necessarily be those with the highest IQ. He says they will need to be intelligent, cultured, and emotionally intelligent. â€Å"According to George, additional characteristics of a successful global leader include: An intellectual understanding of the global business context. The capacity to simultaneously develop a global and local perspective. Being able to overcome the dominant thinking at headquarters. A knack for cross-boundary partnering. A self-awareness and self-assurance when it comes to one’s values and sense of purpose The ability to develop networks that are internal and external to the organization. George goes on to say, â€Å"Ultimately, a global organization is measured by how well the diversity of its leadership reflects the diversity of its customer base and well that leadership can leverage the skills of teams working around the world (Hanna, 2012).† In my opinion, Richard Branson fits the bill as a global leader. â€Å"Sir Richard Branson is among the latest crop of billionaires who have promised to donate at least half their fortune to charity. The Virgin Group founder, who is worth more than $4bn, has added his name to the Giving Pledge campaign set up by U.S. investor Warren Buffett and Microsoft founder Bill Gates. In their pledge letter, Sir Richard and his wife Joan said they wanted to use cash from the company to create ‘a healthy, equitable and peaceful world for future gener ations to enjoy (Tomlinson, 2013).† My prediction is Richard Branson will be an even bigger success than he is now. He has pledged to give away half his Virgin fortune to make a difference in the world. It takes a real leader to make such a sacrifice for others. References (2006, 05). Leadership Styles: Richard Branson. StudyMode.com. Retrieved 05, 2006, from http://www.studymode.com/essays/Leadership-Styles-Richard-Branson-88459.htmlBlustein, A. (2013). What kind of leader are you?. Inc, 35(8), 58-59. Carlson, J. Ranjui, V. & West, A. (2004). Emotional intelligence and competitive advantage: examining the relationship from a resource-based view. Retrieved September 6, 2014 from http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jsc.664/abstract Hanna, J. (2012). Developing the global leader. Working knowledge the thinking that leads. Harvard Business School. Retrieved September 6, 2014 from http://hbswk.hbs.edu/item/6967.html Kets de Vries, M.R. (1998). Charisma in action: the transformational abilities of Virgin’s Richard Branson and ABB’s Percy Barnevik. Organizational Dynamics, 26(3), 7-21 Tomlinson, S. (2013). Stuff does not bring happiness’: Sir Richard Branson pledges to give away half his Virgin fortune to make a difference in the world. Retrieved September 6, 2014 from http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2281792/Sir-Richard-Branson-pledges-a way-half-Virgin-fortune-make-difference-world.html#ixzz3CmVyTGEc